装载机的柴油机在有负荷工作时，排气冒淡灰色，柴油机在超载、突然加速、爬坡或大负荷工作时，排气冒黑烟是正常的。但是在空负荷或小负荷状态下冒黑烟或大负荷时冒黑烟过重，则属不正常现象，出现这种现象时

应该怎么办呢？
1、柴油质量差，引起雾化不良，以致不能完全燃烧，应清洗油箱，更换柴油。
Poor quality diesel fuel, causing poor atomization, that it can not complete combustion, the fuel tank should be cleaned, replace diesel.
2、喷油器雾化不良或有滴油现象，应检修效验喷油器，必要时更换喷油头;
Bad injector atomization or drip phenomenon should overhaul efficacy injector, the injector head replacement when necessary;
3、增压器有故障，引起供气压力不足，使柴油机燃烧不完全，应检修增压器;
Turbocharger failure, caused by lack of air pressure, so that incomplete combustion engine should overhaul turbocharger;
4、排气管冒黑烟，同时机器振动严重，为个别气缸供油太多，可用“断缸法”予以检查排除;
Exhaust black smoke, while severe vibration machine for the individual cylinder fuel too, can be "broken cylinder Law" be examined to exclude;
5、排气管冒黑烟，同时气缸内伴有清脆的敲击声，工作粗暴。出现这种现象一般是供油时间过早引起的。供油时间过早，通?；够嵋鹌鸲?；排气管冒黑烟，同时消声器内有火焰，声音沉闷。出现这种现象则为供油时

间过晚所致。供油时间过晚，常引起柴油机过热，排温升高，甚至可能烧坏机件。
Exhaust black smoke, accompanied by crisp percussion in the cylinder, work rude. This phenomenon is generally caused by the oil too early. Oil too early, usually also cause starting difficulties;

exhaust black smoke, flames while the muffler, sounds boring. This phenomenon was caused by the oil too late. Oil too late, often caused by overheating engine, exhaust temperature rise, and may

even burn parts.
6、空气滤清器堵塞，引起气缸充气不足，应清理或更换空气滤清器滤芯;
Air filter clogged, causing the cylinder underinflated, you should clean or replace the air filter.